Execute function calls from a response and format the results for the API.

Takes the function_calls from a response and a map/keyword list of functions, executes each function with its arguments, and returns the formatted results ready to be used as input for the next API call.

Parameters

• function_calls - The function_calls array from a Response struct
• functions - A map or keyword list where:
  • Keys are function names (as atoms or strings)
  • Values are functions that accept the parsed arguments and return the result

Returns

Returns a list of formatted function outputs suitable for use as input to create/2.

Important: Function return values must be JSON-encodable. This means they should only contain basic types (strings, numbers, booleans, nil), lists, and maps. Tuples, atoms (except true, false, and nil), and other Elixir-specific types are not supported by default unless they implement the Jason.Encoder protocol.

Examples

# Get a response with function calls
{:ok, response} = Responses.create(
  input: "What's the weather in Paris and what time is it?",
  tools: [weather_tool, time_tool]
)

# Define the actual function implementations
functions = %{
  "get_weather" => fn %{"location" => location} ->
    # Returns a map (JSON-encodable)
    %{temperature: 22, unit: "C", location: location}
  end,
  "get_time" => fn %{} ->
    # Returns a string (JSON-encodable)
    DateTime.utc_now() |> to_string()
  end
}

# Execute the functions and get formatted output
outputs = Responses.call_functions(response.function_calls, functions)

# Continue the conversation with the function results
{:ok, final_response} = Responses.create(response, input: outputs)

Error Handling

If a function is not found or raises an error, the output will contain an error message instead of the function result.

Create a new response.

When the argument is a string, it is used as the input text. Otherwise, the argument is expected to be a keyword list or map of options that OpenAI expects, such as input, model, temperature, max_tokens, etc.

LLM Options Preservation with previous_response_id

The OpenAI API always requires a model parameter, even when using previous_response_id.

When using create/1 with manual previous_response_id:

• If no model is specified, the default model is used
• LLM options (model, text, reasoning) from the previous response are NOT automatically inherited

When using create/2 with a Response object:

• LLM options (model, text, reasoning) from the previous response ARE automatically inherited

• You can override any of them by explicitly specifying different values

  # Manual previous_response_id - uses defaults if not specified Responses.create(input: "Hello", previous_response_id: "resp_123")

  # Manual previous_response_id - with explicit options Responses.create(input: "Hello", previous_response_id: "resp_123", model: "gpt-4.1")

  # Using create/2 - automatically inherits LLM options from previous response Responses.create(previous_response, input: "Hello")

  # Using create/2 - with reasoning effort preserved (requires model that supports reasoning) first = Responses.create!(input: "Question", model: "gpt-5-mini", reasoning: %{effort: "high"}) followup = Responses.create!(first, input: "Follow-up") # Inherits gpt-5-mini and high reasoning

Examples

# Using a keyword list
Responses.create(input: "Hello", model: "gpt-4.1", temperature: 0.7)

# Using a map
Responses.create(%{input: "Hello", model: "gpt-4.1", temperature: 0.7})

# String shorthand
Responses.create("Hello")

Structured Output with :schema

Pass a schema: option to get structured JSON output from the model. The schema is defined using a simple Elixir syntax that is converted to JSON Schema format.

Both maps and keyword lists with atom or string keys are accepted for all options:

# Using a map with atom keys
Responses.create(%{
  input: "Extract user info from: John Doe, username @johndoe, john@example.com",
  schema: %{
    name: :string,
    username: {:string, pattern: "^@[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$"},
    email: {:string, format: "email"}
  }
})

# Using a keyword list
Responses.create(
  input: "Extract product details",
  schema: [
    product_name: :string,
    price: :number,
    in_stock: :boolean,
    tags: {:array, :string}
  ]
)

# Arrays at the root level (new in 0.6.0)
Responses.create(
  input: "List 3 US presidents with facts",
  schema: {:array, %{
    name: :string,
    birth_year: :integer,
    achievements: {:array, :string}
  }}
)
# Returns an array directly in response.parsed

# Mixed keys (atoms and strings) are supported
Responses.create(%{
  "input" => "Analyze this data",
  :schema => %{
    "result" => :string,
    :confidence => :number
  }
})

The response will include a parsed field with the extracted structured data. See OpenAI.Responses.Schema for the full schema syntax documentation.

Streaming

Pass a stream: option with a callback function to stream the response. The callback receives results wrapped in {:ok, chunk} or {:error, reason} tuples:

Responses.create(
  input: "Write a story",
  stream: fn
    {:ok, %{event: "response.output_text.delta", data: %{"delta" => text}}} ->
      IO.write(text)
      :ok
    {:error, reason} ->
      IO.puts("Stream error: #{inspect(reason)}")
      :ok  # Continue despite errors
    _ ->
      :ok
  end
)

The callback should return :ok to continue or {:error, reason} to stop the stream.

For simpler text streaming, use the delta/1 helper:

Responses.create(
  input: "Write a story",
  stream: Responses.Stream.delta(&IO.write/1)
)

If no model is specified, the default model is used.

Create a response based on a previous response.

This allows creating follow-up responses that maintain context from a previous response. The previous response's ID is automatically included in the request.

Options can be provided as either a keyword list or a map.

Preserved Options

The following options are automatically preserved from the previous response unless explicitly overridden:

• model - The model used for generation
• text - Text generation settings (including verbosity)
• reasoning - Reasoning settings (including effort level)

Examples

{:ok, first} = Responses.create("What is Elixir?")

# Using keyword list
{:ok, followup} = Responses.create(first, input: "Tell me more about its concurrency model")

# Using map
{:ok, followup} = Responses.create(first, %{input: "Tell me more about its concurrency model"})

# With reasoning effort preserved (requires model that supports reasoning)
{:ok, first} = Responses.create(input: "Complex question", model: "gpt-5-mini", reasoning: %{effort: "high"})
{:ok, followup} = Responses.create(first, input: "Follow-up")  # Inherits gpt-5-mini and high reasoning effort

Same as create/1 but raises an error on failure.

Returns the response directly instead of an {:ok, response} tuple.

Examples

response = Responses.create!("Hello, world!")
IO.puts(response.text)

Same as create/2 but raises an error on failure.

Returns the response directly instead of an {:ok, response} tuple.

Examples

first = Responses.create!("What is Elixir?")
followup = Responses.create!(first, input: "Tell me more")

List available models.

Accepts an optional match string to filter by model ID.

Request a response from the OpenAI API.

Used as a building block by other functions in this module. Accepts that same arguments as Req.request/1. You should provide url, json, method, and other options as needed.

Run a conversation with automatic function calling.

This function automates the process of handling function calls by repeatedly calling the provided functions and feeding their results back to the model until a final response without function calls is received.

Parameters

• options - Keyword list or map of options to pass to create/1
• functions - A map or keyword list where:
  • Keys are function names (as atoms or strings)
  • Values are functions that accept the parsed arguments and return the result

Returns

Returns a list of all responses generated during the conversation, in chronological order. The last response in the list will be the final answer without function calls.

Examples

# Define available functions
functions = %{
  "get_weather" => fn %{"location" => location} ->
    # Simulate weather API call
    "The weather in #{location} is 72°F and sunny"
  end,
  "get_time" => fn %{} ->
    DateTime.utc_now() |> to_string()
  end
}

# Create function tools
weather_tool = Responses.Schema.build_function(
  "get_weather",
  "Get current weather for a location",
  %{location: :string}
)

time_tool = Responses.Schema.build_function(
  "get_time",
  "Get the current UTC time",
  %{}
)

# Run the conversation (with keyword list)
responses = Responses.run(
  [input: "What's the weather in Paris and what time is it?",
   tools: [weather_tool, time_tool]],
  functions
)

# Or with map
responses = Responses.run(
  %{input: "What's the weather in Paris and what time is it?",
    tools: [weather_tool, time_tool]},
  functions
)

# The last response contains the final answer
final_response = List.last(responses)
IO.puts(final_response.text)

Same as run/2 but raises an error on failure.

Returns the list of responses directly instead of an {:ok, responses} tuple.

Stream a response from the OpenAI API as an Enumerable.

Returns a Stream that yields chunks with event and data keys.

Options can be provided as either a keyword list or a map.

Examples

# Stream and handle all results
for result <- Responses.stream("Tell me a story") do
  case result do
    {:ok, chunk} -> IO.inspect(chunk)
    {:error, reason} -> IO.puts("Error: #{inspect(reason)}")
  end
end

# Process only text deltas, ignoring errors
Responses.stream("Write a poem")
|> Stream.filter(fn
  {:ok, %{event: "response.output_text.delta"}} -> true
  _ -> false
end)
|> Stream.map(fn {:ok, chunk} -> chunk.data["delta"] end)
|> Enum.each(&IO.write/1)

# Accumulate all text with error handling (using map)
result = Responses.stream(%{input: "Explain quantum physics"})
         |> Enum.reduce(%{text: "", errors: []}, fn
           {:ok, %{event: "response.output_text.delta", data: %{"delta" => delta}}}, acc ->
             %{acc | text: acc.text <> delta}
           {:error, reason}, acc ->
             %{acc | errors: [reason | acc.errors]}
           _, acc ->
             acc
         end)