PassiveSupport.Stream.with_memo

You're seeing just the function with_memo, go back to PassiveSupport.Stream module for more information.
Link to this function

with_memo(enum, accumulator, fun, evaluate_first \\ true)

Specs

with_memo(
  Enumerable.t(),
  any(),
  (Stream.element(), Stream.acc() -> Stream.acc()),
  boolean()
) ::
  Enumerable.t()

Processes an item while iterating through the provided stream

PassiveSupport.Stream.with_memo/3 attaches an arbitrary accumulator acc to the provided enum, and transforms it in relation to each successive item in the enumerable according to the return of fun.(item, acc).

Think of it like Stream.with_index/2, but with the abstracted versatility of Enum.reduce/3.

In fact, implementing Stream.with_index/2 is possible with PassiveSupport.Stream.with_memo/3

iex> with_index = fn enum ->
...>   with_memo(enum, -1, fn _el, ix -> ix+1 end)
...> end
iex> String.graphemes("hi world!") |> with_index.() |> Enum.to_list
[{"h", 0}, {"i", 1}, {" ", 2},
 {"w", 3}, {"o", 4}, {"r", 5}, {"l", 6}, {"d", 7}, {"!", 8}
]

By passing false as a fourth argument, evaluate_first, you can return accumulator in the state it was in prior to fun being called.

iex> with_memo(?a..?c, "", fn char, string -> string <> to_string([char]) end) |> Enum.to_list
[
  {97, "a"},
  {98, "ab"},
  {99, "abc"}
]

iex> with_memo(?a..?c, "", fn char, string -> string <> to_string([char]) end, false) |> Enum.to_list
[
  {97, ""},
  {98, "a"},
  {99, "ab"}
]