View Source NaiveDateTime (Elixir v1.17.0-rc.1)

A NaiveDateTime struct (without a time zone) and functions.

The NaiveDateTime struct contains the fields year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond and calendar. New naive datetimes can be built with the new/2 and new/8 functions or using the ~N (see sigil_N/2) sigil:

iex> ~N[2000-01-01 23:00:07]
~N[2000-01-01 23:00:07]

The date and time fields in the struct can be accessed directly:

iex> naive = ~N[2000-01-01 23:00:07]
iex> naive.year
2000
iex> naive.second
7

We call them "naive" because this datetime representation does not have a time zone. This means the datetime may not actually exist in certain areas in the world even though it is valid.

For example, when daylight saving changes are applied by a region, the clock typically moves forward or backward by one hour. This means certain datetimes never occur or may occur more than once. Since NaiveDateTime is not validated against a time zone, such errors would go unnoticed.

Developers should avoid creating the NaiveDateTime structs directly and instead, rely on the functions provided by this module as well as the ones in third-party calendar libraries.

Comparing naive date times

Comparisons in Elixir using ==/2, >/2, </2 and similar are structural and based on the NaiveDateTime struct fields. For proper comparison between naive datetimes, use the compare/2 function. The existence of the compare/2 function in this module also allows using Enum.min/2 and Enum.max/2 functions to get the minimum and maximum naive datetime of an Enum. For example:

iex> Enum.min([~N[2020-01-01 23:00:07], ~N[2000-01-01 23:00:07]], NaiveDateTime)
~N[2000-01-01 23:00:07]

Using epochs

The add/3 and diff/3 functions can be used for computing date times or retrieving the number of seconds between instants. For example, if there is an interest in computing the number of seconds from the Unix epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00):

iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2010-04-17 14:00:00], ~N[1970-01-01 00:00:00])
1271512800

iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[1970-01-01 00:00:00], 1_271_512_800)
~N[2010-04-17 14:00:00]

Those functions are optimized to deal with common epochs, such as the Unix Epoch above or the Gregorian Epoch (0000-01-01 00:00:00).

Summary

Types

t()

Functions

add(naive_datetime, amount_to_add, unit \\ :second)

Adds a specified amount of time to a NaiveDateTime.

after?(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2)

Returns true if the first NaiveDateTime is strictly later than the second.

before?(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2)

Returns true if the first NaiveDateTime is strictly earlier than the second.

beginning_of_day(naive_datetime)

Calculates a NaiveDateTime that is the first moment for the given NaiveDateTime.

compare(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2)

Compares two NaiveDateTime structs.

convert(naive_datetime, calendar)

Converts the given naive_datetime from one calendar to another.

convert!(naive_datetime, calendar)

Converts the given naive_datetime from one calendar to another.

diff(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2, unit \\ :second)

Subtracts naive_datetime2 from naive_datetime1.

end_of_day(naive_datetime)

Calculates a NaiveDateTime that is the last moment for the given NaiveDateTime.

from_erl(tuple, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Converts an Erlang datetime tuple to a NaiveDateTime struct.

from_erl!(tuple, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Converts an Erlang datetime tuple to a NaiveDateTime struct.

from_gregorian_seconds(seconds, microsecond_precision \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Converts a number of gregorian seconds to a NaiveDateTime struct.

from_iso8601(string, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Parses the extended "Date and time of day" format described by ISO 8601:2019.

from_iso8601!(string, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Parses the extended "Date and time of day" format described by ISO 8601:2019.

local_now(calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Returns the "local time" for the machine the Elixir program is running on.

new(date, time)

Builds a naive datetime from date and time structs.

new(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Builds a new ISO naive datetime.

new!(date, time)

Builds a naive datetime from date and time structs.

new!(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

Builds a new ISO naive datetime.

shift(naive_datetime, duration)

Shifts given naive_datetime by duration according to its calendar.

to_date(map)

Converts a NaiveDateTime into a Date.

to_erl(naive_datetime)

Converts a NaiveDateTime struct to an Erlang datetime tuple.

to_gregorian_seconds(map)

Converts a NaiveDateTime struct to a number of gregorian seconds and microseconds.

to_iso8601(naive_datetime, format \\ :extended)

Converts the given naive datetime to ISO 8601:2019.

to_string(naive_datetime)

Converts the given naive datetime to a string according to its calendar.

to_time(map)

Converts a NaiveDateTime into Time.

truncate(naive_datetime, precision)

Returns the given naive datetime with the microsecond field truncated to the given precision (:microsecond, :millisecond or :second).

utc_now(calendar_or_time_unit \\ Calendar.ISO)

Returns the current naive datetime in UTC.

utc_now(time_unit, calendar)

Returns the current naive datetime in UTC, supporting a specific calendar and precision.

Types

t()

@type t() :: %NaiveDateTime{
  calendar: Calendar.calendar(),
  day: Calendar.day(),
  hour: Calendar.hour(),
  microsecond: Calendar.microsecond(),
  minute: Calendar.minute(),
  month: Calendar.month(),
  second: Calendar.second(),
  year: Calendar.year()
}

Functions

add(naive_datetime, amount_to_add, unit \\ :second)

(since 1.4.0)

@spec add(
  Calendar.naive_datetime(),
  integer(),
  :day | :hour | :minute | System.time_unit()
) :: t()

Adds a specified amount of time to a NaiveDateTime.

Accepts an amount_to_add in any unit. unit can be :day, :hour, :minute, :second or any subsecond precision from System.time_unit/0. It defaults to :second. Negative values will move backwards in time.

This function always consider the unit to be computed according to the Calendar.ISO.

Examples

It uses seconds by default:

# adds seconds by default
iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], 2)
~N[2014-10-02 00:29:12]

# accepts negative offsets
iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], -2)
~N[2014-10-02 00:29:08]

It can also work with subsecond precisions:

iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], 2_000, :millisecond)
~N[2014-10-02 00:29:12.000]

As well as days/hours/minutes:

iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[2015-02-28 00:29:10], 2, :day)
~N[2015-03-02 00:29:10]
iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[2015-02-28 00:29:10], 36, :hour)
~N[2015-03-01 12:29:10]
iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[2015-02-28 00:29:10], 60, :minute)
~N[2015-02-28 01:29:10]

This operation merges the precision of the naive date time with the given unit:

iex> result = NaiveDateTime.add(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], 21, :millisecond)
~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10.021]
iex> result.microsecond
{21000, 3}

Operations on top of gregorian seconds or the Unix epoch are optimized:

# from Gregorian seconds
iex> NaiveDateTime.add(~N[0000-01-01 00:00:00], 63_579_428_950)
~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10]

Passing a DateTime automatically converts it to NaiveDateTime, discarding the time zone information:

iex> dt = %DateTime{year: 2000, month: 2, day: 29, zone_abbr: "CET",
...>                hour: 23, minute: 0, second: 7, microsecond: {0, 0},
...>                utc_offset: 3600, std_offset: 0, time_zone: "Europe/Warsaw"}
iex> NaiveDateTime.add(dt, 21, :second)
~N[2000-02-29 23:00:28]

To shift a naive datetime by a Duration and according to its underlying calendar, use NaiveDateTime.shift/2.

after?(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2)

(since 1.15.0)

@spec after?(Calendar.naive_datetime(), Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: boolean()

Returns true if the first NaiveDateTime is strictly later than the second.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.after?(~N[2022-02-02 11:00:00], ~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00])
true
iex> NaiveDateTime.after?(~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00], ~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00])
false
iex> NaiveDateTime.after?(~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00], ~N[2022-02-02 11:00:00])
false

before?(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2)

(since 1.15.0)

@spec before?(Calendar.naive_datetime(), Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: boolean()

Returns true if the first NaiveDateTime is strictly earlier than the second.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.before?(~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00], ~N[2022-02-02 11:00:00])
true
iex> NaiveDateTime.before?(~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00], ~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00])
false
iex> NaiveDateTime.before?(~N[2022-02-02 11:00:00], ~N[2021-01-01 11:00:00])
false

beginning_of_day(naive_datetime)

(since 1.15.0)

@spec beginning_of_day(Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: t()

Calculates a NaiveDateTime that is the first moment for the given NaiveDateTime.

To calculate the beginning of day of a DateTime, call this function, then convert back to a DateTime:

datetime
|> NaiveDateTime.beginning_of_day()
|> DateTime.from_naive(datetime.time_zone)

Note that the beginning of the day may not exist or be ambiguous in a given timezone, so you must handle those cases accordingly.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.beginning_of_day(~N[2000-01-01 23:00:07.123456])
~N[2000-01-01 00:00:00.000000]

compare(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2)

(since 1.4.0)

@spec compare(Calendar.naive_datetime(), Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: :lt | :eq | :gt

Compares two NaiveDateTime structs.

Returns :gt if first is later than the second and :lt for vice versa. If the two NaiveDateTime are equal :eq is returned.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.compare(~N[2016-04-16 13:30:15], ~N[2016-04-28 16:19:25])
:lt
iex> NaiveDateTime.compare(~N[2016-04-16 13:30:15.1], ~N[2016-04-16 13:30:15.01])
:gt

This function can also be used to compare a DateTime without the time zone information:

iex> dt = %DateTime{year: 2000, month: 2, day: 29, zone_abbr: "CET",
...>                hour: 23, minute: 0, second: 7, microsecond: {0, 0},
...>                utc_offset: 3600, std_offset: 0, time_zone: "Europe/Warsaw"}
iex> NaiveDateTime.compare(dt, ~N[2000-02-29 23:00:07])
:eq
iex> NaiveDateTime.compare(dt, ~N[2000-01-29 23:00:07])
:gt
iex> NaiveDateTime.compare(dt, ~N[2000-03-29 23:00:07])
:lt

convert(naive_datetime, calendar)

(since 1.5.0)

@spec convert(Calendar.naive_datetime(), Calendar.calendar()) ::
  {:ok, t()} | {:error, :incompatible_calendars}

Converts the given naive_datetime from one calendar to another.

If it is not possible to convert unambiguously between the calendars (see Calendar.compatible_calendars?/2), an {:error, :incompatible_calendars} tuple is returned.

Examples

Imagine someone implements Calendar.Holocene, a calendar based on the Gregorian calendar that adds exactly 10,000 years to the current Gregorian year:

iex> NaiveDateTime.convert(~N[2000-01-01 13:30:15], Calendar.Holocene)
{:ok, %NaiveDateTime{calendar: Calendar.Holocene, year: 12000, month: 1, day: 1,
                     hour: 13, minute: 30, second: 15, microsecond: {0, 0}}}

convert!(naive_datetime, calendar)

(since 1.5.0)

@spec convert!(Calendar.naive_datetime(), Calendar.calendar()) :: t()

Converts the given naive_datetime from one calendar to another.

If it is not possible to convert unambiguously between the calendars (see Calendar.compatible_calendars?/2), an ArgumentError is raised.

Examples

Imagine someone implements Calendar.Holocene, a calendar based on the Gregorian calendar that adds exactly 10,000 years to the current Gregorian year:

iex> NaiveDateTime.convert!(~N[2000-01-01 13:30:15], Calendar.Holocene)
%NaiveDateTime{calendar: Calendar.Holocene, year: 12000, month: 1, day: 1,
               hour: 13, minute: 30, second: 15, microsecond: {0, 0}}

diff(naive_datetime1, naive_datetime2, unit \\ :second)

(since 1.4.0)

@spec diff(
  Calendar.naive_datetime(),
  Calendar.naive_datetime(),
  :day | :hour | :minute | System.time_unit()
) :: integer()

Subtracts naive_datetime2 from naive_datetime1.

The answer can be returned in any :day, :hour, :minute, or any unit available from System.time_unit/0. The unit is measured according to Calendar.ISO and defaults to :second.

Fractional results are not supported and are truncated.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:12], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10])
2
iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:12], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], :microsecond)
2_000_000

iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10.042], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10.021])
0
iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10.042], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10.021], :millisecond)
21

iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:12])
-2
iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[-0001-10-02 00:29:10], ~N[-0001-10-02 00:29:12])
-2

It can also compute the difference in days, hours, or minutes:

iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-10 00:29:10], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], :day)
8
iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-02 12:29:10], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], :hour)
12
iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-02 00:39:10], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], :minute)
10

But it also rounds incomplete days to zero:

iex> NaiveDateTime.diff(~N[2014-10-10 00:29:09], ~N[2014-10-02 00:29:10], :day)
7

end_of_day(naive_datetime)

(since 1.15.0)

@spec end_of_day(Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: t()

Calculates a NaiveDateTime that is the last moment for the given NaiveDateTime.

To calculate the end of day of a DateTime, call this function, then convert back to a DateTime:

datetime
|> NaiveDateTime.end_of_day()
|> DateTime.from_naive(datetime.time_zone)

Note that the end of the day may not exist or be ambiguous in a given timezone, so you must handle those cases accordingly.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.end_of_day(~N[2000-01-01 23:00:07.123456])
~N[2000-01-01 23:59:59.999999]

from_erl(tuple, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

@spec from_erl(:calendar.datetime(), Calendar.microsecond(), Calendar.calendar()) ::
  {:ok, t()} | {:error, atom()}

Converts an Erlang datetime tuple to a NaiveDateTime struct.

Attempting to convert an invalid ISO calendar date will produce an error tuple.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_erl({{2000, 1, 1}, {13, 30, 15}})
{:ok, ~N[2000-01-01 13:30:15]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_erl({{2000, 1, 1}, {13, 30, 15}}, {5000, 3})
{:ok, ~N[2000-01-01 13:30:15.005]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_erl({{2000, 13, 1}, {13, 30, 15}})
{:error, :invalid_date}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_erl({{2000, 13, 1}, {13, 30, 15}})
{:error, :invalid_date}

from_erl!(tuple, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

@spec from_erl!(:calendar.datetime(), Calendar.microsecond(), Calendar.calendar()) ::
  t()

Converts an Erlang datetime tuple to a NaiveDateTime struct.

Raises if the datetime is invalid. Attempting to convert an invalid ISO calendar date will produce an error tuple.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_erl!({{2000, 1, 1}, {13, 30, 15}})
~N[2000-01-01 13:30:15]
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_erl!({{2000, 1, 1}, {13, 30, 15}}, {5000, 3})
~N[2000-01-01 13:30:15.005]
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_erl!({{2000, 13, 1}, {13, 30, 15}})
** (ArgumentError) cannot convert {{2000, 13, 1}, {13, 30, 15}} to naive datetime, reason: :invalid_date

from_gregorian_seconds(seconds, microsecond_precision \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

(since 1.11.0)

@spec from_gregorian_seconds(integer(), Calendar.microsecond(), Calendar.calendar()) ::
  t()

Converts a number of gregorian seconds to a NaiveDateTime struct.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_gregorian_seconds(1)
~N[0000-01-01 00:00:01]
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_gregorian_seconds(63_755_511_991, {5000, 3})
~N[2020-05-01 00:26:31.005]
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_gregorian_seconds(-1)
~N[-0001-12-31 23:59:59]

from_iso8601(string, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

@spec from_iso8601(String.t(), Calendar.calendar()) :: {:ok, t()} | {:error, atom()}

Parses the extended "Date and time of day" format described by ISO 8601:2019.

Time zone offset may be included in the string but they will be simply discarded as such information is not included in naive date times.

As specified in the standard, the separator "T" may be omitted if desired as there is no ambiguity within this function.

Note leap seconds are not supported by the built-in Calendar.ISO.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23 23:50:07")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07Z")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07]}

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23 23:50:07.0")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.0]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23 23:50:07,0123456")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.012345]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23 23:50:07.0123456")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.012345]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123Z")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.123]}

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23P23:50:07")
{:error, :invalid_format}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015:01:23 23-50-07")
{:error, :invalid_format}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23 23:50:07A")
{:error, :invalid_format}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23 23:50:61")
{:error, :invalid_time}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-32 23:50:07")
{:error, :invalid_date}

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123+02:30")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.123]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123+00:00")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.123]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123-02:30")
{:ok, ~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.123]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123-00:00")
{:error, :invalid_format}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123-00:60")
{:error, :invalid_format}
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123-24:00")
{:error, :invalid_format}

from_iso8601!(string, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

@spec from_iso8601!(String.t(), Calendar.calendar()) :: t()

Parses the extended "Date and time of day" format described by ISO 8601:2019.

Raises if the format is invalid.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601!("2015-01-23T23:50:07.123Z")
~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.123]
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601!("2015-01-23T23:50:07,123Z")
~N[2015-01-23 23:50:07.123]
iex> NaiveDateTime.from_iso8601!("2015-01-23P23:50:07")
** (ArgumentError) cannot parse "2015-01-23P23:50:07" as naive datetime, reason: :invalid_format

local_now(calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

(since 1.10.0)

@spec local_now(Calendar.calendar()) :: t()

Returns the "local time" for the machine the Elixir program is running on.

WARNING: This function can cause insidious bugs. It depends on the time zone configuration at run time. This can changed and be set to a time zone that has daylight saving jumps (spring forward or fall back).

This function can be used to display what the time is right now for the time zone configuration that the machine happens to have. An example would be a desktop program displaying a clock to the user. For any other uses it is probably a bad idea to use this function.

For most cases, use DateTime.now/2 or DateTime.utc_now/1 instead.

Does not include fractional seconds.

Examples

iex> naive_datetime = NaiveDateTime.local_now()
iex> naive_datetime.year >= 2019
true

new(date, time)

@spec new(Date.t(), Time.t()) :: {:ok, t()}

Builds a naive datetime from date and time structs.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.new(~D[2010-01-13], ~T[23:00:07.005])
{:ok, ~N[2010-01-13 23:00:07.005]}

new(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

@spec new(
  Calendar.year(),
  Calendar.month(),
  Calendar.day(),
  Calendar.hour(),
  Calendar.minute(),
  Calendar.second(),
  Calendar.microsecond() | non_neg_integer(),
  Calendar.calendar()
) :: {:ok, t()} | {:error, atom()}

Builds a new ISO naive datetime.

Expects all values to be integers. Returns {:ok, naive_datetime} if each entry fits its appropriate range, returns {:error, reason} otherwise.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
{:ok, ~N[2000-01-01 00:00:00]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 13, 1, 0, 0, 0)
{:error, :invalid_date}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 2, 29, 0, 0, 0)
{:ok, ~N[2000-02-29 00:00:00]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 2, 30, 0, 0, 0)
{:error, :invalid_date}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2001, 2, 29, 0, 0, 0)
{:error, :invalid_date}

iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, {0, 1})
{:ok, ~N[2000-01-01 23:59:59.0]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, 999_999)
{:ok, ~N[2000-01-01 23:59:59.999999]}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 24, 59, 59, 999_999)
{:error, :invalid_time}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 23, 60, 59, 999_999)
{:error, :invalid_time}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 60, 999_999)
{:error, :invalid_time}
iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, 1_000_000)
{:error, :invalid_time}

iex> NaiveDateTime.new(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, {0, 1}, Calendar.ISO)
{:ok, ~N[2000-01-01 23:59:59.0]}

new!(date, time)

(since 1.11.0)

@spec new!(Date.t(), Time.t()) :: t()

Builds a naive datetime from date and time structs.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.new!(~D[2010-01-13], ~T[23:00:07.005])
~N[2010-01-13 23:00:07.005]

new!(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond \\ {0, 0}, calendar \\ Calendar.ISO)

(since 1.11.0)

@spec new!(
  Calendar.year(),
  Calendar.month(),
  Calendar.day(),
  Calendar.hour(),
  Calendar.minute(),
  Calendar.second(),
  Calendar.microsecond() | non_neg_integer(),
  Calendar.calendar()
) :: t()

Builds a new ISO naive datetime.

Expects all values to be integers. Returns naive_datetime if each entry fits its appropriate range, raises if time or date is invalid.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.new!(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
~N[2000-01-01 00:00:00]
iex> NaiveDateTime.new!(2000, 2, 29, 0, 0, 0)
~N[2000-02-29 00:00:00]
iex> NaiveDateTime.new!(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, {0, 1})
~N[2000-01-01 23:59:59.0]
iex> NaiveDateTime.new!(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, 999_999)
~N[2000-01-01 23:59:59.999999]
iex> NaiveDateTime.new!(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, {0, 1}, Calendar.ISO)
~N[2000-01-01 23:59:59.0]
iex> NaiveDateTime.new!(2000, 1, 1, 24, 59, 59, 999_999)
** (ArgumentError) cannot build naive datetime, reason: :invalid_time

shift(naive_datetime, duration)

(since 1.17.0)

@spec shift(Calendar.naive_datetime(), Duration.duration()) :: t()

Shifts given naive_datetime by duration according to its calendar.

Allowed units are: :year, :month, :week, :day, :hour, :minute, :second, :microsecond.

When using the default ISO calendar, durations are collapsed and applied in the order of months, then seconds and microseconds:

when shifting by 1 year and 2 months the date is actually shifted by 14 months
weeks, days and smaller units are collapsed into seconds and microseconds

When shifting by month, days are rounded down to the nearest valid date.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2016-01-31 00:00:00], month: 1)
~N[2016-02-29 00:00:00]
iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2016-01-31 00:00:00], year: 4, day: 1)
~N[2020-02-01 00:00:00]
iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2016-01-31 00:00:00], year: -2, day: 1)
~N[2014-02-01 00:00:00]
iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2016-01-31 00:00:00], second: 45)
~N[2016-01-31 00:00:45]
iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2016-01-31 00:00:00], microsecond: {100, 6})
~N[2016-01-31 00:00:00.000100]

# leap years
iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2024-02-29 00:00:00], year: 1)
~N[2025-02-28 00:00:00]
iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2024-02-29 00:00:00], year: 4)
~N[2028-02-29 00:00:00]

# rounding down
iex> NaiveDateTime.shift(~N[2015-01-31 00:00:00], month: 1)
~N[2015-02-28 00:00:00]

to_date(map)

@spec to_date(Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: Date.t()

Converts a NaiveDateTime into a Date.

Because Date does not hold time information, data will be lost during the conversion.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_date(~N[2002-01-13 23:00:07])
~D[2002-01-13]

to_erl(naive_datetime)

@spec to_erl(Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: :calendar.datetime()

Converts a NaiveDateTime struct to an Erlang datetime tuple.

Only supports converting naive datetimes which are in the ISO calendar, attempting to convert naive datetimes from other calendars will raise.

WARNING: Loss of precision may occur, as Erlang time tuples only store hour/minute/second.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_erl(~N[2000-01-01 13:30:15])
{{2000, 1, 1}, {13, 30, 15}}

This function can also be used to convert a DateTime to an Erlang datetime tuple without the time zone information:

iex> dt = %DateTime{year: 2000, month: 2, day: 29, zone_abbr: "CET",
...>                hour: 23, minute: 0, second: 7, microsecond: {0, 0},
...>                utc_offset: 3600, std_offset: 0, time_zone: "Europe/Warsaw"}
iex> NaiveDateTime.to_erl(dt)
{{2000, 2, 29}, {23, 00, 07}}

to_gregorian_seconds(map)

(since 1.11.0)

@spec to_gregorian_seconds(Calendar.naive_datetime()) ::
  {integer(), non_neg_integer()}

Converts a NaiveDateTime struct to a number of gregorian seconds and microseconds.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_gregorian_seconds(~N[0000-01-01 00:00:01])
{1, 0}
iex> NaiveDateTime.to_gregorian_seconds(~N[2020-05-01 00:26:31.005])
{63_755_511_991, 5000}

to_iso8601(naive_datetime, format \\ :extended)

@spec to_iso8601(Calendar.naive_datetime(), :basic | :extended) :: String.t()

Converts the given naive datetime to ISO 8601:2019.

By default, NaiveDateTime.to_iso8601/2 returns naive datetimes formatted in the "extended" format, for human readability. It also supports the "basic" format through passing the :basic option.

Only supports converting naive datetimes which are in the ISO calendar, attempting to convert naive datetimes from other calendars will raise.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_iso8601(~N[2000-02-28 23:00:13])
"2000-02-28T23:00:13"

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_iso8601(~N[2000-02-28 23:00:13.001])
"2000-02-28T23:00:13.001"

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_iso8601(~N[2000-02-28 23:00:13.001], :basic)
"20000228T230013.001"

This function can also be used to convert a DateTime to ISO 8601 without the time zone information:

iex> dt = %DateTime{year: 2000, month: 2, day: 29, zone_abbr: "CET",
...>                hour: 23, minute: 0, second: 7, microsecond: {0, 0},
...>                utc_offset: 3600, std_offset: 0, time_zone: "Europe/Warsaw"}
iex> NaiveDateTime.to_iso8601(dt)
"2000-02-29T23:00:07"

to_string(naive_datetime)

@spec to_string(Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: String.t()

Converts the given naive datetime to a string according to its calendar.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_string(~N[2000-02-28 23:00:13])
"2000-02-28 23:00:13"
iex> NaiveDateTime.to_string(~N[2000-02-28 23:00:13.001])
"2000-02-28 23:00:13.001"
iex> NaiveDateTime.to_string(~N[-0100-12-15 03:20:31])
"-0100-12-15 03:20:31"

This function can also be used to convert a DateTime to a string without the time zone information:

iex> dt = %DateTime{year: 2000, month: 2, day: 29, zone_abbr: "CET",
...>                hour: 23, minute: 0, second: 7, microsecond: {0, 0},
...>                utc_offset: 3600, std_offset: 0, time_zone: "Europe/Warsaw"}
iex> NaiveDateTime.to_string(dt)
"2000-02-29 23:00:07"

to_time(map)

@spec to_time(Calendar.naive_datetime()) :: Time.t()

Converts a NaiveDateTime into Time.

Because Time does not hold date information, data will be lost during the conversion.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.to_time(~N[2002-01-13 23:00:07])
~T[23:00:07]

truncate(naive_datetime, precision)

(since 1.6.0)

@spec truncate(t(), :microsecond | :millisecond | :second) :: t()

Returns the given naive datetime with the microsecond field truncated to the given precision (:microsecond, :millisecond or :second).

The given naive datetime is returned unchanged if it already has lower precision than the given precision.

Examples

iex> NaiveDateTime.truncate(~N[2017-11-06 00:23:51.123456], :microsecond)
~N[2017-11-06 00:23:51.123456]

iex> NaiveDateTime.truncate(~N[2017-11-06 00:23:51.123456], :millisecond)
~N[2017-11-06 00:23:51.123]

iex> NaiveDateTime.truncate(~N[2017-11-06 00:23:51.123456], :second)
~N[2017-11-06 00:23:51]

utc_now(calendar_or_time_unit \\ Calendar.ISO)

(since 1.4.0)

@spec utc_now(Calendar.calendar() | :native | :microsecond | :millisecond | :second) ::
  t()

Returns the current naive datetime in UTC.

Prefer using DateTime.utc_now/0 when possible as, opposite to NaiveDateTime, it will keep the time zone information.

You can also provide a time unit to automatically truncate the naive datetime. This is available since v1.15.0.

Examples

iex> naive_datetime = NaiveDateTime.utc_now()
iex> naive_datetime.year >= 2016
true

iex> naive_datetime = NaiveDateTime.utc_now(:second)
iex> naive_datetime.microsecond
{0, 0}

utc_now(time_unit, calendar)

(since 1.15.0)

@spec utc_now(:native | :microsecond | :millisecond | :second, Calendar.calendar()) ::
  t()

Returns the current naive datetime in UTC, supporting a specific calendar and precision.

Prefer using DateTime.utc_now/2 when possible as, opposite to NaiveDateTime, it will keep the time zone information.

Examples

iex> naive_datetime = NaiveDateTime.utc_now(:second, Calendar.ISO)
iex> naive_datetime.year >= 2016
true

iex> naive_datetime = NaiveDateTime.utc_now(:second, Calendar.ISO)
iex> naive_datetime.microsecond
{0, 0}