Starts a task that can be awaited on.

The supervisor must be a reference as defined in Task.Supervisor. The task will still be linked to the caller, see Task.async/3 for more information and async_nolink/2 for a non-linked variant.

Note this function requires the task supervisor to have :temporary as the :restart option (the default), as async/2 keeps a direct reference to the task which is lost if the task is restarted.

Starts a task that can be awaited on.

The supervisor must be a reference as defined in Task.Supervisor. The task will still be linked to the caller, see Task.async/3 for more information and async_nolink/2 for a non-linked variant.

Note this function requires the task supervisor to have :temporary as the :restart option (the default), as async/4 keeps a direct reference to the task which is lost if the task is restarted.

Starts a task that can be awaited on.

The supervisor must be a reference as defined in Task.Supervisor. The task won’t be linked to the caller, see Task.async/3 for more information.

Note this function requires the task supervisor to have :temporary as the :restart option (the default), as async_nolink/2 keeps a direct reference to the task which is lost if the task is restarted.

Compatibility with OTP behaviours

If you create a task using async_nolink inside an OTP behaviour like GenServer, you should match on the message coming from the task inside your GenServer.handle_info/2 callback.

The reply sent by the task will be in the format {ref, result}, where ref is the monitor reference held by the task struct and result is the return value of the task function.

Keep in mind that, regardless of how the task created with async_nolink terminates, the caller’s process will always receive a :DOWN message with the same ref value that is held by the task struct. If the task terminates normally, the reason in the :DOWN message will be :normal.

Starts a task that can be awaited on.

The supervisor must be a reference as defined in Task.Supervisor. The task won’t be linked to the caller, see Task.async/3 for more information.

Note this function requires the task supervisor to have :temporary as the :restart option (the default), as async_nolink/4 keeps a direct reference to the task which is lost if the task is restarted.

Returns a stream that runs the given function fun concurrently on each item in enumerable.

Each item in enumerable is passed as argument to the given function fun and processed by its own task. The tasks will be spawned under the given supervisor and linked to the current process, similarly to async/2.

See async_stream/6 for discussion, options, and examples.

Returns a stream that runs the given module, function, and args concurrently on each item in enumerable.

Each item will be prepended to the given args and processed by its own task. The tasks will be spawned under the given supervisor and linked to the current process, similarly to async/4.

When streamed, each task will emit {:ok, value} upon successful completion or {:exit, reason, element} if the caller is trapping exits, where element is the stream element. Results are emitted in the same order as the original enumerable.

The level of concurrency can be controlled via the :max_concurrency option and defaults to System.schedulers_online/0. A timeout can also be given as an option representing the maximum amount of time to wait without a task reply.

Note this function requires the task supervisor to have :temporary as the :restart option (the default), as async_stream/6 keeps a direct reference to the task which is lost if the task is restarted.

Finally, if you find yourself trapping exits to handle exits inside the async stream, consider using async_stream_nolink/6 to start tasks that are not linked to the current process.

Options

• :max_concurrency - sets the maximum number of tasks to run at the same time. Defaults to System.schedulers_online/0.
• :ordered - whether the results should be returned in the same order as the input stream. This option is useful when you have large streams and don’t want to buffer results before they are delivered. Defaults to true.
• :timeout - the maximum amount of time to wait (in milliseconds) without receiving a task reply (across all running tasks). Defaults to 5000.

• :on_timeout - what do to when a task times out. The possible values are:

  • :exit (default) - the process that spawned the tasks exits.
  • :kill_task - the task that timed out is killed. The value emitted for that task is {:exit, :timeout, element}, where element is the element it timed out on.

Examples

Let’s build a stream and then enumerate it:

stream = Task.Supervisor.async_stream(MySupervisor, collection, Mod, :expensive_fun, [])
Enum.to_list(stream)

Returns a stream that runs the given function concurrently on each item in enumerable.

Each item in enumerable is passed as argument to the given function fun and processed by its own task. The tasks will be spawned under the given supervisor and linked to the current process, similarly to async_nolink/2.

See async_stream/6 for discussion and examples.

Returns a stream that runs the given module, function, and args concurrently on each item in enumerable.

Each item in enumerable will be prepended to the given args and processed by its own task. The tasks will be spawned under the given supervisor and will not be linked to the current process, similarly to async_nolink/4.

See async_stream/6 for discussion, options, and examples.

Returns all children PIDs.

Starts a task as a child of the given supervisor.

Note that the spawned process is not linked to the caller, but only to the supervisor. This command is useful in case the task needs to perform side-effects (like I/O) and does not need to report back to the caller.

Starts a task as a child of the given supervisor.

Similar to start_child/2 except the task is specified by the given module, fun and args.

Starts a new supervisor.

The supported options are:

• :name - used to register a supervisor name, the supported values are described under the Name Registration section in the GenServer module docs;

• :restart - the restart strategy, may be :temporary (the default), :transient or :permanent. :temporary means the task is never restarted, :transient means it is restarted if the exit is not :normal, :shutdown or {:shutdown, reason}. A :permanent restart strategy means it is always restarted. It defaults to :temporary so tasks aren’t automatically restarted when they complete nor in case of crashes. Note the :async functions in this module support only :temporary restarts;

• :shutdown - :brutal_kill if the tasks must be killed directly on shutdown or an integer indicating the timeout value, defaults to 5000 milliseconds;

• :max_restarts and :max_seconds - as specified in Supervisor;

Terminates the child with the given pid.