Meeseeks (Meeseeks v0.17.0) View Source
Meeseeks is an Elixir library for parsing and extracting data from HTML and XML with CSS or XPath selectors.
import Meeseeks.CSS
html = HTTPoison.get!("https://news.ycombinator.com/").body
for story <- Meeseeks.all(html, css("tr.athing")) do
title = Meeseeks.one(story, css(".title a"))
%{title: Meeseeks.text(title),
url: Meeseeks.attr(title, "href")}
end
#=> [%{title: "...", url: "..."}, %{title: "...", url: "..."}, ...]
Getting Started
Parse
Start by parsing a source (HTML/XML string or Meeseeks.TupleTree
) into
a Meeseeks.Document
so that it can be queried.
Meeseeks.parse/1
parses the source as HTML, but Meeseeks.parse/2
accepts a second argument of either :html
or :xml
that specifies how
the source is parsed.
document = Meeseeks.parse("<div id=main><p>1</p><p>2</p><p>3</p></div>")
#=> Meeseeks.Document<{...}>
The selection functions accept an unparsed source, parsing it as HTML, but parsing is expensive so parse ahead of time when running multiple selections on the same document.
Select
Next, use one of Meeseeks's selection functions - fetch_all
, all
,
fetch_one
, or one
- to search for nodes.
All these functions accept a queryable (a source, a document, or a
Meeseeks.Result
), one or more Meeseeks.Selector
s, and optionally an
initial context.
all
returns a (possibly empty) list of results representing every node
matching one of the provided selectors, while one
returns a result
representing the first node to match a selector (depth-first) or nil if
there is no match.
fetch_all
and fetch_one
work like all
and one
respectively, but
wrap the result in {:ok, ...}
if there is a match or return
{:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: :select, reason: :no_match}}
if there is
not.
To generate selectors, use the css
macro provided by Meeseeks.CSS
or
the xpath
macro provided by Meeseeks.XPath
.
import Meeseeks.CSS
result = Meeseeks.one(document, css("#main p"))
#=> #Meeseeks.Result<{ <p>1</p> }>
import Meeseeks.XPath
result = Meeseeks.one(document, xpath("//*[@id='main']//p"))
#=> #Meeseeks.Result<{ <p>1</p> }>
Extract
Retrieve information from the Meeseeks.Result
with an extraction
function.
The extraction functions are attr
, attrs
, data
, dataset
, html
,
own_text
, tag
, text
, tree
.
Meeseeks.tag(result)
#=> "p"
Meeseeks.text(result)
#=> "1"
Meeseeks.tree(result)
#=> {"p", [], ["1"]}
The extraction functions html
and tree
work on Meeseeks.Document
s in
addition to Meeseeks.Result
s.
Meeseeks.html(document)
#=> "<html><head></head><body><div id=\"main\"><p>1</p><p>2</p><p>3</p></div></body></html>"
Link to this section Summary
Functions
Returns [Result, ...]
if one or more nodes in the queryable match a
selector, or []
if none do.
Returns the value of an attribute in a result, or nil if there isn't one.
Returns a result's attributes list, which may be empty, or nil if the result represents a node without attributes.
Returns the combined data of a result or the result's children, which may be an empty string.
Returns a map of a result's data attributes, or nil if the result represents a node without attributes.
Returns {:ok, [Result, ...]}
if one of more nodes in the queryable match
a selector, or {:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: :select, reason: :no_match}}
if none do.
Returns {:ok, Result}
for the first node in the queryable (depth-first)
matching a selector, or
{:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: :select, reason: :no_match}}
if none do.
Returns a string representing the combined HTML of a document or result and its descendants.
Returns a Result
for the first node in the queryable (depth-first)
matching a selector, or nil
if none do.
Returns the combined text of a result or the result's children, which may be an empty string.
Parses a string or Meeseeks.TupleTree
into a Meeseeks.Document
.
Returns the accumulated result of walking the queryable, accumulating nodes
that match a selector. Prefer all
or one
- select
should only be used
when a custom accumulator is required.
Returns a result's tag, or nil
if the result represents a node without a
tag.
Returns the combined text of a result or the result's descendants, which may be an empty string.
Returns the Meeseeks.TupleTree
of a document or result and its
descendants.
Link to this section Types
Specs
extractable() :: Meeseeks.Document.t() | Meeseeks.Result.t() | nil
Specs
queryable() :: Meeseeks.Parser.source() | Meeseeks.Document.t() | Meeseeks.Result.t()
Specs
selectors() :: Meeseeks.Selector.t() | [Meeseeks.Selector.t()]
Link to this section Functions
Specs
all(queryable(), selectors()) :: [Meeseeks.Result.t()] | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Returns [Result, ...]
if one or more nodes in the queryable match a
selector, or []
if none do.
Optionally accepts a Meeseeks.Context
map.
Parses the source if it is not a Meeseeks.Document
or Meeseeks.Result
,
and may return {:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: parser}
if there is a parse
error.
If multiple selections are being ran on the same unparsed source, parse first to avoid unnecessary computation.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> Meeseeks.all("<div id=main><p>1</p><p>2</p><p>3</p></div>", css("#main p")) |> List.first()
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <p>1</p> }>
Specs
all(queryable(), selectors(), Meeseeks.Context.t()) :: [Meeseeks.Result.t()] | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Specs
attr(extractable(), String.t()) :: String.t() | nil
Returns the value of an attribute in a result, or nil if there isn't one.
Nil input returns nil
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> result = Meeseeks.one("<div id=example>Hi</div>", css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div id="example">Hi</div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.attr(result, "id")
"example"
Specs
attrs(extractable()) :: [{String.t(), String.t()}] | nil
Returns a result's attributes list, which may be empty, or nil if the result represents a node without attributes.
Nil input returns nil
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> result = Meeseeks.one("<div id=example>Hi</div>", css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div id="example">Hi</div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.attrs(result)
[{"id", "example"}]
Specs
data(extractable(), Keyword.t()) :: String.t() | nil
Returns the combined data of a result or the result's children, which may be an empty string.
Once the data has been combined the whitespace is compacted by replacing all instances of more than one whitespace character with a single space and then trimmed.
Data is the content of <script>
or <style>
tags, or the content of
comments starting with "[CDATA[" and ending with "]]". The latter behavior
is to support the extraction of CDATA from HTML, since HTML5 parsers parse
CDATA as comments.
Nil input returns nil
.
Options
:collapse_whitespace
- Boolean determining whether or not to replace blocks of whitespace with a single space character. Defaults totrue
.:trim
- Boolean determining whether or not to trim the resulting text. Defaults totrue
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> result1 = Meeseeks.one("<div id=example>Hi</div>", css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div id="example">Hi</div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.data(result1)
""
iex> result2 = Meeseeks.one("<script id=example>Hi</script>", css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <script id="example">Hi</script> }>
iex> Meeseeks.data(result2)
"Hi"
Specs
dataset(extractable()) :: %{optional(String.t()) => String.t()} | nil
Returns a map of a result's data attributes, or nil if the result represents a node without attributes.
Behaves like HTMLElement.dataset; only valid data attributes are included, and attribute names have "data-" removed and are converted to camelCase.
See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/dataset
Nil input returns nil
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> result = Meeseeks.one("<div id=example data-x-val=1 data-y-val=2></div>", css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div id="example" data-x-val="1" data-y-val="2"></div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.dataset(result)
%{"xVal" => "1", "yVal" => "2"}
Specs
fetch_all(queryable(), selectors()) :: {:ok, [Meeseeks.Result.t()]} | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Returns {:ok, [Result, ...]}
if one of more nodes in the queryable match
a selector, or {:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: :select, reason: :no_match}}
if none do.
Optionally accepts a Meeseeks.Context
map.
Parses the source if it is not a Meeseeks.Document
or Meeseeks.Result
,
and may return {:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: parser}
if there is a parse
error.
If multiple selections are being ran on the same unparsed source, parse first to avoid unnecessary computation.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> Meeseeks.fetch_all("<div id=main><p>1</p><p>2</p><p>3</p></div>", css("#main p")) |> elem(1) |> List.first()
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <p>1</p> }>
Specs
fetch_all(queryable(), selectors(), Meeseeks.Context.t()) :: {:ok, [Meeseeks.Result.t()]} | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Specs
fetch_one(queryable(), selectors()) :: {:ok, Meeseeks.Result.t()} | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Returns {:ok, Result}
for the first node in the queryable (depth-first)
matching a selector, or
{:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: :select, reason: :no_match}}
if none do.
Optionally accepts a Meeseeks.Context
map.
Parses the source if it is not a Meeseeks.Document
or Meeseeks.Result
,
and may return {:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: parser}
if there is a parse
error.
If multiple selections are being ran on the same unparsed source, parse first to avoid unnecessary computation.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> Meeseeks.fetch_one("<div id=main><p>1</p><p>2</p><p>3</p></div>", css("#main p")) |> elem(1)
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <p>1</p> }>
Specs
fetch_one(queryable(), selectors(), Meeseeks.Context.t()) :: {:ok, Meeseeks.Result.t()} | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Specs
html(extractable()) :: String.t() | nil
Returns a string representing the combined HTML of a document or result and its descendants.
Nil input returns nil
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> document = Meeseeks.parse("<div id=example>Hi</div>")
iex> Meeseeks.html(document)
"<html><head></head><body><div id=\"example\">Hi</div></body></html>"
iex> result = Meeseeks.one(document, css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div id="example">Hi</div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.html(result)
"<div id=\"example\">Hi</div>"
Specs
one(queryable(), selectors()) :: Meeseeks.Result.t() | nil | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Returns a Result
for the first node in the queryable (depth-first)
matching a selector, or nil
if none do.
Optionally accepts a Meeseeks.Context
map.
Parses the source if it is not a Meeseeks.Document
or Meeseeks.Result
,
and may return {:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: parser}
if there is a parse
error.
If multiple selections are being ran on the same unparsed source, parse first to avoid unnecessary computation.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> Meeseeks.one("<div id=main><p>1</p><p>2</p><p>3</p></div>", css("#main p"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <p>1</p> }>
Specs
one(queryable(), selectors(), Meeseeks.Context.t()) :: Meeseeks.Result.t() | nil | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Specs
own_text(extractable(), Keyword.t()) :: String.t() | nil
Returns the combined text of a result or the result's children, which may be an empty string.
Once the text has been combined the whitespace is compacted by replacing all instances of more than one whitespace character with a single space and then trimmed.
Nil input returns nil
.
Options
:collapse_whitespace
- Boolean determining whether or not to replace blocks of whitespace with a single space character. Defaults totrue
.:trim
- Boolean determining whether or not to trim the resulting text. Defaults totrue
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> result = Meeseeks.one("<div>Hello, <b>World!</b></div>", css("div"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div>Hello, <b>World!</b></div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.own_text(result)
"Hello,"
Specs
parse(Meeseeks.Parser.source()) :: Meeseeks.Document.t() | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Parses a string or Meeseeks.TupleTree
into a Meeseeks.Document
.
parse/1
parses as HTML, while parse/2
accepts a second argument of
either :html
, :xml
, or tuple_tree
that specifies how the source is
parsed.
Examples
iex> Meeseeks.parse("<div id=main><p>Hello, Meeseeks!</p></div>")
#Meeseeks.Document<{...}>
iex> Meeseeks.parse("<book><author>GGK</author></book>", :xml)
#Meeseeks.Document<{...}>
iex> Meeseeks.parse({"div", [{"id", "main"}], [{"p", [], ["Hello, Meeseeks!"]}]}, :tuple_tree)
#Meeseeks.Document<{...}>
Specs
parse(Meeseeks.Parser.source(), Meeseeks.Parser.type()) :: Meeseeks.Document.t() | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Specs
select(queryable(), selectors(), Meeseeks.Context.t()) :: any() | {:error, Meeseeks.Error.t()}
Returns the accumulated result of walking the queryable, accumulating nodes
that match a selector. Prefer all
or one
- select
should only be used
when a custom accumulator is required.
Requires that a Meeseeks.Accumulator
has been added to the context via
Meeseeks.Context.add_accumulator/2
, and will raise an error if it hasn't.
Parses the source if it is not a Meeseeks.Document
or Meeseeks.Result
,
and may return {:error, %Meeseeks.Error{type: parser}
if there is a parse
error.
If multiple selections are being ran on the same unparsed source, parse first to avoid unnecessary computation.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> accumulator = %Meeseeks.Accumulator.One{}
iex> context = Meeseeks.Context.add_accumulator(%{}, accumulator)
iex> Meeseeks.select("<div id=main><p>1</p><p>2</p><p>3</p></div>", css("#main p"), context)
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <p>1</p> }>
Specs
tag(extractable()) :: String.t() | nil
Returns a result's tag, or nil
if the result represents a node without a
tag.
Nil input returns nil
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> result = Meeseeks.one("<div id=example>Hi</div>", css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div id="example">Hi</div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.tag(result)
"div"
Specs
text(extractable(), Keyword.t()) :: String.t() | nil
Returns the combined text of a result or the result's descendants, which may be an empty string.
Once the text has been combined the whitespace is compacted by replacing all instances of more than one whitespace character with a single space and then trimmed.
Nil input returns nil
.
Options
:collapse_whitespace
- Boolean determining whether or not to replace blocks of whitespace with a single space character. Defaults totrue
.:trim
- Boolean determining whether or not to trim the resulting text. Defaults totrue
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> result = Meeseeks.one("<div>Hello, <b>World!</b></div>", css("div"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div>Hello, <b>World!</b></div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.text(result)
"Hello, World!"
Specs
tree(extractable()) :: Meeseeks.TupleTree.t() | nil
Returns the Meeseeks.TupleTree
of a document or result and its
descendants.
Nil input returns nil
.
Examples
iex> import Meeseeks.CSS
iex> document = Meeseeks.parse("<div id=example>Hi</div>")
iex> Meeseeks.tree(document)
[{"html", [],
[{"head", [], []},
{"body", [], [{"div", [{"id", "example"}], ["Hi"]}]}]}]
iex> result = Meeseeks.one(document, css("#example"))
#Meeseeks.Result<{ <div id="example">Hi</div> }>
iex> Meeseeks.tree(result)
{"div", [{"id", "example"}], ["Hi"]}